-End of colonialism
-WWII exhausted colonialism
-By the end of 1949 the Soviet-American contest for Europe had become a stalemate. Created temptations to exploit opportunities elsewhere.
-When Japan won the war against Russia it showed that the Europeans did not always win
-Domino theory- by Eisenhower
-Both the US and the Soviets had worries (123)
Section 2:
-non-alignment (don't commit to any side)
-Smaller countries given leverage over US and USSR
-Nasser neutral
-Nehru non aligned (going against US and Pakistan)
-Aswan Dam project (127)
-Suez crisis- almost broke up NATO
-Being a Cold War super power did not mean you got what you wanted
Section 3:
-Small countries could advertise a propensity to topple
-Korea is still chaotic after the war
-Korea played the system
-Weak countries have some say over the strong
-Taiwan got a treaty that bound the US the the defense of Taiwan
-US killed Diem (South Vietnam) after putting him in power
-Kennedy was killed 3 days after Diem in 1963
-deteriorating situation in South Vietnam
-Johnson did not want a war in vietnam
Section 4:
- Germany
-West- Konrad Adenauer (US worried he would loose the election..that would be bad)
-East-(leader Ulbricht), faced a defeat of an entire regime
-Ulbricht had the ability to blackmail the Soviets
-Ulbricht did things without the OK from Khrushchev (even saying that a wall could someday go up)
-Kennedy said he was willing to defend West Germany at the risk of Nuclear War
-The wall showed that the USSR allied itself with a weak ally
-Germany determining everything
Section 5:
-Charles de Gaulle and Mao Zedong were the most difficult allies.
-de Gaulle did a lot of bad things (including criticizing the American escalation in Vietnam, and withdrew France's military cooperation within NATO. Made NATO headquarters have to move (Paris to Brussels)
- Washington responded, De Gaulle realized he needed to try and reconcile. US has to put up with him
-Mao had defended Stalin but Khrushchev discussed Stalin's mistakes
-Mao used the Great Leap Forward to try and create unity in China
-smaller powers could be strong because they could threaten to tip to one side, making both countries want to help them (so they go to their side)
-Strong personalities
-Superpowers sought to reassure small
-disappearance of fear
Section 6:
-Demonstrations in both East and West Germany (problems)
-in the US there was opposition to the Vietnam War
-Nixon President
-Bobby Kennedy, and MLK Jr. killed.
-"we live in an age of anarchy" -Nixon
-Baby boomers coming out in force, Youth
-Student growth
-Mao's cultural Rev---Violent, re-education
Section 7:
-Nixon and Mao had some similar interests (150-151), but little communication between the two
-Soviet Union and China fighting on border, Mao does not know what to do
Section 8:
-USSR unsettled when Nixon and Mao met
-People unhappy in USSR
-USSR seek détente with US-would ensure continued stability of the Soviet Sphere of Influence in Eastern Europe
-Ostpolitik- create geopolitical stability
-new strategy of containment
-Nixon re-elected (at this time looked like he did well, but soon will collapse ex: watergate)
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